Purdue University: Avian Sciences Net
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Avian Sciences Net
Indiana’s poultry industry represents a diverse group of producers. The state currently ranks at or near the top in a number of poultry categories: Number 1 in duck and egg-type breeders, Number 4 in egg production, Number 7 in turkey production and Number 14 in broiler production. To continue this high degree of success, producers rely on a multitude of services and supplies such as education materials, research and government reports. Many of these resources can be found at Purdue University...Read More
Postgraduate Research
Applications are invited from exceptional students wishing to pursue a Ph. D. degree in avian biotechnology. Our common research theme is to improve the well-being of poultry through the prevention of infectious and non-infectious diseases, genetic manipulation, improved nutrition, environment, and reproductive capacity. Graduate students will be located in one of the following departments in either the School of Veterinary Medicine (SVM) or the School of Agriculture (SA): Basic Medical Sciences (SVM), Veterinary Pathobiology (SVM), Animal Sciences (SA), Food Sciences (SA) or the USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit...Read More
The Interactive Avian Classroom
The Avian Classroom is designed to provide educational tools in a broad range of avian disciplines, including physiology, reproduction, hematology, and anatomy among others. It contains original activities as well as links to other sites you may find helpful.
- Egg Structure: Overview
- Embryo Anatomy: Overview
- Oviduct Anatomy: Overview
- Egg Structure: Quiz
- Embryo Anatomy: Quiz
The Chick Zones: Incubators in the Classroom
The purpose of the "Incubators in the Clasroom" Program is to educate school children about embryology and agriculture through an interactive learning experience.
Students at all levels (college, elementary, and high-school) are seeking hands-on experiences in their classes, especially in Life Sciences. In order to address this need, educational programs must be developed that include hands-on experiences and enhance the learning potential of students. Programs developed that include embryology have been very successful and have targeted student needs. The Purdue University "Incubators in the Classroom" has blossomed since 1997... Read More
Research Staff
Dr. Layi Adeola, Department of Animal Sciences
Dr. Adeola's research program emphasizes amino acid nutrition of nonruminant animal species and utilization of plant minerals by nonruminants. Also included are amino acid availability and amino acid-energy relationships, nutritional evaluation of non-traditional feedstuffs.
Dr. Todd Applegate Dr. Todd Applegate
Work in Dr. Applegate's laboratory includes studies to determine that regardless of egg size, embryos from hens in early lay develop more slowly than embryos from older hens during the final week of incubation.
Dr. E. K. Asem, Department of Basic Medical Sciences
The goals of Dr. Asem's laboratory are to understand the mechanisms whereby locally produced bioactive molecules (intraovarian factors) in the regulation of ovarian follicular development and death (atresia).
Dr. Kevin Hannon, Department of Basic Medical Sciences
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are powerful regulators of bone and skeletal muscle development in vitro. It is important to note that in vivo, bone and skeletal muscle cells have the capability to synthesize many different members of the fibroblast growth factor family. The effects that these locally-made fibroblast growth factors exert on bone and skeletal muscle development is unknown. Therefore, a major goal of Dr. Hannon's research is to understand the importance of endogenously made fibroblast growth factors for control of long bone and skeletal muscle development in vivo.
Dr. Albert J. Heber, Agriculture Engineering
Presently, Dr. Heber is evaluating turkey production facilities in southern Indiana to investigate the current ventilation strategies utilized for brooder and growout facilities and to discuss ventilation issues with the production staff. Ventilation strategies vary between and within companies. As compared to chicken and hog house ventilation, turkey house ventilation in southern Indiana has a greater use of manual controls and lower capital investment in environmental control equipment.
Dr. Patricia Y. Hester, Department of Animal Sciences
For the past 20 years, Dr. Hester's laboratory has identified lighting, nutritional (compensatory growth), and litter management schemes to reduce the incidence of non-infectious leg abnormalities (valgus/varus deformities) in male turkeys. Her group is currently focusing efforts on the osteomyelitis complex, specifically trying to understand how Staphylococcus aureus enters the body of the bird and infiltrates the long bones and joints.
Dr. Don D. Jones, Agricultural and Biological Engineering
Dr. Jones' extension effort is directed at farmstead planning, layout of production facilities, the design and evaluation of housing and ventilation systems for livestock. Other extension effort is also in the area of manure collection, handling, storage and treatment of manure.
Dr. Mickey A. Latour, Department of Animal Sciences
A major focus of Dr. Latour's program is youth development and distance education. Currently USDA funds are being sought to implement distance learning materials for poultry. These proposals are designed to educate youth as well as provide supplemental materials to poultry farmers.
Dr. T.L. Lin, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory
Turkey poult enteritis has contributed to significant economic losses in the turkey industry in Indiana for the last several years. Turkey poult enteritis, apparently due to a viral etiology, causes several diarrhea, weight loss, uneven flock growth, and mortality. A better understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, immune responses, and molecular characteristics of the viral pathogen associated with turkey poult enteritis is the key to effective diagnosis, control, and prevention of this disease.
Dr. Richard H. Linton, Department of Food Science
Dr. Linton’s primary research interests are improving the safety and quality of poultry products. He has worked with various poultry establishments in Indiana and nationwide to develop and implement food safety and food quality programs. At Purdue University, his work has been mainly directed toward Extension and outreach programs, but, he is also involved in basic research projects.
Dr. William M. Muir, Department of Animal Sciences
Dr. Muir conducted a study where chickens were selected for improved livability and egg production over a 12-year period (6 generations).
Dr. John A. Patterson, Department of Animal Sciences
Dr. Patterson is interested in intestinal microbiology. Currently, the main focus of his research is identifying factors affecting microbial interactions and manipulation of intestinal microbial populations to enhance animal performance, animal health, human food safety and to reduce excretion of environmental pollutants and odors.
Dr. A. L. Sutton, Department of Animal Sciences
Manure management is an important component of poultry production with challenges confronting the industry. These include: 1) sufficient land to apply manures without significant nutrient buildup in soil and adverse effects on water quality; 2) odors from production units and land application practices causing adverse neighbor relations; and 3) controlling building environment to reduce physiological and disease stressors.
Dr. Bruce A. Watkins, Department of Food Science
The primary research focus of Dr. Watkins' laboratory is food lipids and poultry products. The long-term goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of how individual fatty acids and plant phytochemicals can improve the nutritional quality and safety of foods.
Dr. Ralph E. Williams, Department of Entomology
Research in Entomology at Purdue University relates to the integrated management of arthropod pests of livestock and poultry. Poultry related research is focused on developing integrated control systems for litter beetles and flies in poultry production facilities.
Dr. C.C. Wu, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) affects the bursal lymphocytes of young chickens, resulting in bursal atrophy, immunosuppression, reduced weight gain and feed efficiency, and increased mortality. Immunosuppression may increase susceptibility to other bacterial or viral diseases as well as interfere with various vaccination programs.
United States' Cooperative Extension Services: Poultry Related Research
Biosecurity
- June deGraft: "Biosecurity for Backyard Flocks," Extension Service West Virginia University, 2002.
- Teresa Morishita: "Biosecurity for Poultry," Ohio State University Extension.
- Rosie Nold: "Biosecurity: Protecting your Health and the Health of your Animals," University of Nebraska Extension Service,2007.
- John Gordon & Teresa Morishita: "Cleaning and Disinfection of Poultry Facilities," Ohio State University Extension Service.
Broiler Production
- C Sheppard & C Flegal "Anyone for a Few Broilers?" Cooperative Extension Service- Michigan State University, 1985.
- G Butcher & Amir Nilipour: "Broiler Management- The First 24 Hours," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2009.
- Gary Butcher & amir NilipourL "Broiler Performance from Cull Eggs," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- Doug Akers, Peter Akers & Mickey Latour: "Choosing a Chicken Breed: Eggs, Meat or Exhibition," Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, 2002.
- Julie Northcutt: "Factors Influencing Optimal Feed Withdrawal Duration," Cooperative Extension Service - The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 2000.
- G, Butcher, A, Nilipour & R, Miles: "Feed Passage in Broilers - A Complex Problem," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- Dan Cunningham: "Guide for Prospective Contract Broiler Producers," The University of Georgia Cooperative Extension, 2008.
- Jacqueline Jacob & Ben Mather: "The Home Broiler Chicken Flock," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- Charles Goan: "Management of Nipple Watering Systems for Broilers," The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service.
- Tom Danko: "Raising Broilers," University of New Hmpshire Cooperative Extension, 2000.
- Melvin Hamre: "The Small Flock for Poultry Meat," University of Minnesota Extension Service.
- Eldridge Collins: "Storing and Handling Broiler and Turkey Litter," Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2009.
- Brenda Schneider, Martin Zuidhof, Frank Robinson & Rob Renema: "Weighing Broiler Breeders," Government of Alberta - Agricultural and Rural Development, 2006.
Diseases and Pests
- Sandy Amas: "Antibiotic Use in Food-Producing Animals," Purdue University, 1998.
- Jacqueline Jacob, Jack Gaskin, Henry Wilson & F Mather: "Avian Diseases Transmissible to Humans," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1997.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "The Avian Immune System," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1991.
- J Jacob, G Butcher, F Mather & R Miles: "Avian Influenza in Poultry," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- June deGraft-Hanson: "Avian Influenza: What is it and how to Protect against its Establishment," Extension Service West Virginia University.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Avian Necropsy Techniques," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1996.
- Gary Butcher: "Chicken Anemia Agent (CAA)," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1994.
- Carrie Pickworth & Teresa Morishita: "Common External Parasites in Poultry: Lice and Mites," Ohio State University Extension.
- G Butcher, J Jacob & F Mather: "Common Poultry Diseases," Unversity of Florida IFAS Extension, 1999.
- E McCune: "Control of Poultry Disease Outbreaks," University of Missouri Extension, 1993.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Improved Aviculture Management may Prevent Candidiasis in Birds," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1991.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Infectious Bronchitis and its Effect on Egg Production and Egg Quality," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1991.
- Gary Butcher, David Shapiro & Richard Miles: "Infectious Bronchitis Virus: Classical and Variant Strains," University of Florida IFAS Extension Service, 2002
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro) in Commercial Broilers," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1995.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Intestinal Parasites in Backyard Chicken Flocks," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1992.
- Carrie Pickorth & Teresa Morishita: "Less Common External Parasites in Poultry," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Meredith Davis, Grasso Ebako, Teresa Morishita & John Mattoon: "Medical Management of the Rooster Spur," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Gary Butcher:"Mycoplasma Gallisepticum - A Continuing Problem in Commercial Poultry," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Myeloid Leukosis (J-Virus) - An International Broiler Industry Concernm" University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- G Butcher, R Miles & A Nilipour: "Newcastle and Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Reactions in Commercial Broilers," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- Tom Smith: "Poultry Disease Diagnosis," Mississippi State University Extension Service.
- F Clark: "Poultry Health Status Determination," University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service.
- Meredith Davis & Teresa Morishita: "Poultry Necropsy Basics," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- William Lyon: "Poultry Pest Management," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Arthur Antonelli & Daniel Andrews: "Poultry Pests and their Control," Washington State University Extension.
- Gary Butcher & Fred Rossi: "Prevention and Control of Fowl Pox in Backyard Chicken Flocks," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1990.
- Jeffre Firman: "Prevention of Poultry Disease," University of Missouri Extension, 1996.
- Grasso Ebako & Teresa Morishita: "Preventitive Medicine for Backyward Chickens," Ohio University Extension Service.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Salmonella Control and Molting of Egg-Laying Flocks - Are they Compatible," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1994.
- F Clark: "Understanding and Control of Gngrenous Dermatitis in Poultry Houses," University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Vaccine Failure in Poultry: Factors to Consider," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1994.
- Gary Butcher, Jacqueline Jacob & F Mathers: "Vaccination of Small Poultry Flocks," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- J Jacob: "Viral Encephalitis: The Role of Birds, " University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1999.
Ducks
- Glen Geiger & Harold Biellier: "Brooding and Rearing Ducklings and Goslings," University of Missouri Extension Service.
- Peter Ferket & Gary Davis: "Feeding Ducks," North Catolina Cooperative Extension Service.
- Gary Davis & Ken Anderson: "A Management Program for Raising Breeder Duck Flocks," North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service.
- Melvin Hamre: "Raising Ducks," University of Minnesota Extension Service.
- C Sheppard & C Flegal: "Raising a few Ducks," Cooperative Extension Service Michigan Stte University, 1984.
Egg Production
- Ryan Meunier & Mickey Latour: "Commercial Egg Production and Processing," Purdue University.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Concepts of Eggshell Quality," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1990.
- Jacqueline Jacob & Richard Miles: "Designer and Specialty Eggs," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2000.
- Jacqueline Jacob, Richard Miles & F Mather: "Egg Qaulity," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2000.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Egg Specific Gravity - Designing a Monitoring Program," University of Florida, 1991.
- J Jacob, H Wilson, R Miles, G Butcher & F Mather: "Factors Affecting Egg Production in Backyard Chicken Flocks," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- Gary Butcher & Richard Miles: "Factors Causing Poor Pigmentation of Brown-Shelled Eggs," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1995.
- David Halvorson: "Good Management Practices for Salmonella Risk Production in the Production of Table Eggs," University of Minnesota Extension.
- Dan Cunningham: "Guidelines for Prospective Contract Hatching Egg Producers," The University of Georgia Cooperative Extension.
- Mickey Latour, Ryan Meunier & Jessica Stewart: "The Process of Egg Formation," Purdue University.
- Ken Koelkebeck: "What is Egg Quality and Conserving it," Illini PoultryNet, 1999.
- J Hermes: "Why did my Chickens stop Laying," Oregon State University Extension Service, 2003.
Farm Management
- J Hermes: "Avoiding Residues in Small Poultry and Game Bird Flocks," Oregon State University Extension Service,' 2003.'
- J Moore: "Basic Ventilation COnsiderations for Livestock or Poultry Housing," Oregon State University Extension Service, 1993.
- Sheila Scheideler & Sara Shields: "Cannibalism by Poultry," University of Nebraska - Lincoln Extension, 2007.
- Inmaculada Estevez: "Density: How it can Affect the Behaviour and Health of your Birds," Maryland Cooperative Extension.
- Teresa Morishita: "Human Health Concerns Associated with Hatching Poultry," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Don Jones & William Friday: "Insulating Livestock and other Farm Buildings," Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service.
- Michael Wineland & Tom Siopes: "Light Intensity Measurements in Poultry Houses," North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service.
- Glen Arnold & Michael Vennhuizen: "Livestock Housing Ventilation Air Inlet Designs and Management," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Glen Arnold & Michael Veenhuizen: "Livestock Housing Ventilation Fan Performance and Management," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Glen Arnold & Michael Veenhuizen: "Livestock Housing Ventilation Fan Selection," Ohio State University Extension Service.
- Don Jones & William Friday: "Natural Ventilation for Livestock Housing," Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service.
- Ken Koelkebeck: "Physiological Responses of Poultry to the Environment,' University of Illinois Extension,2001.
- Joseph Zulovich: "Poultry Farm and Processing Plant Lighting," University of Missouri Extension Service, 1993.
- Dana Porter: "Preparing for Winter: Ventilation in Poultry and Livestock Shelters," West Virginia University Extension Service, 1998.
- Jesse Lyons: "Small Flock Series: Managing a Family Chicken Flock," University of Missouri Extension Service.
- C Sheppard, C Flegal & T Thorburn: "The Small Poultry Flock," Michigan State University Extension Service.
- Thomas Carter: "Small Poultry Flocks," North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service.
- R Bucklin, J Jacob, F Mather, J Leary & I Naas: "Tunnel Ventilation of Broiler Houses," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- James Donald: "Tunnel Ventilation in Poultry Housing," Alabama Cooperative Extension System, 1995.
- John Everest: "Weed Control Around Poultry Houses and Other Farm Buildings," Alabama Cooperative Extension System, 1995.
Nutrition
- A Grybaukas, P Thomison & K Cassel: "Aflatoxins," Maryland Cooperative Extension, 2000.
- Alan Sutton & David Beede: "Best Environmental Management Practices," Purdue University.
- K Koelebeck & S Boling: "Diet Manipulation to Reduce Phosphorus Excretion by Poultry," University of Illinois Extension," 2001.
- J Hess: "Evaluating Water Quality for Poultry," Alabama Cooperative Extension System, 2001.
- B Damron: "Feed Flavouring for Poultry," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2003.
- R Miles & J Jacob: "Feeding the Commercial Egg-Type Replacement Pullet," University of Florida, 2000.
- R Miles & J Jacob: "Fishmeal in Poultry Diets: Understanding the Production of this Valuable Feed Ingredient," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1997.
- J Hermes: "How to Feed your Laying and Breeding Hens," Oregon State University Extension Service, 1995.
- G Butcher & R Miles: "Interrelationship of Nutrition and Immunity," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2002.
- G Butcher & R Miles: "Minimizing Microbial Contamination in Feed Mills Producing Poultry Feed," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1995.
- B Damron & D Sloan: "Poultry Diets for Small Flocks," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1995.
- C Parsons: "Protein Quality and Amino Acid Digestibility," University of Illinois Extension, 1999.
- R Miles & J Jacob: "Using Meat and Bone Meal in Poultry Diets," University of Florida IFAS Extension, 1998.
- T Appelgate & L Adeola: "Use of Dry Distiller's Grains with Solubles by Poultry," Purdue University Extension.
